Raltegravir (MK 0158) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Raltegravir (MK 0158) - Essay guinea pigThe acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( support) is a disease caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV and is characterized by profound immuno-suppression with associated opportunist infections, malignancies, wasting and central nervous system degeneration. Scientists reserve ascertained two types of this virus. The principal cause of AIDS worldwide is HIV-1. HIV-2 is dominantly found in West Africa. HIV fit in to the retrovirus family of viruses. (Bullock and Henze, 2000)The modes of HIV transmission have been well identified and have remained unchanged throughout the history of this disease. HIV is transmitted from one soul to another through (1) sexual relations with an infected person Worldwide, 75% to 85% of HIV infections are transmitted through unprotected sex. (2) sharing in the use of hypodermic needles or accidental prickle by a needle contaminated with infected blood and (3) transferring of the virus from a n infected mother to her indulge during birth or through breast-feeding.When HIV enters the body, it destroys lymphocytes, specifically CD4+ T jail cells which are white blood cells of the repellent system that exert critical regulatory and effector functions involving both cellular and humoral immunity. The virus commandeers the transmitted material of the host cell, instructing the cell to replicate more viruses. The newly formed viruses rupture free from the host, destroying the cell in the process. The new viruses continue to infect and destroy other lymphocytes. As a result of these observations, it was not difficult to imagine that HIV-associated immunodeficiency was due to virally mediated destruction of CD4+ T cells (McGune 2001)Over a period that may keep going from a few months to up to 15 years, HIV constitutes an attack on the wide-cut immune system, destroying enough lymphocytes making the system unable to function properly. An infected individual develops multipl e knockout illnesses from infections that